Developing an optimal on-route charging network for long-haul electric vehicles (LHEVs) is a complex task. The varying nature of LHEV driving ranges further complicates this challenge. Using current LHEV operational ranges may produce misleading results especially when planning the future of the charging infrastructure. This is likely to be the case as newer LHEV models with longer ranges become available in the future, while older models remain in use. This study simulates various scenarios to optimize on-route charging locations in Ontario, Canada for 2040. The scenarios account for advancements in battery technology, long-term battery degradation, ancillary energy use, and seasonal variations. Results suggest that summer and winter seasons reduce ranges by approximately 3% and 8%, respectively, necessitating more charging during these seasons. Other factors like varying utilization rates and maximum space capacity constraints are found to have noticeable effects on the number of required charging locations in the province. Lastly, estimated energy demands suggest the need for substantial infrastructure upgrades, particularly during winter season, with a projected daily demand reaching about 67 GW.
