The COVID-19 pandemic had a serious impact on residents' work and travel around the world. China and Canada, as two typical countries with two social systems, have imposed different restrictions on travel and social interactions in the face of COVID-19. This paper conducted a questionnaire survey on travelers in China and Canada, recording personal travel and social and family attributes. The survey content included life satisfaction, travel satisfaction indicators, sociodemographics, travel patterns before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic, and social interaction patterns during the pandemic. Latent class analysis was used to analyze travel choice behavior dynamics before, during, and after the pandemic, and to compare the travel choice behaviors of residents in China and Canada. Finally, a comparison was made to explore which factors and how much they contribute to the well-being of residents in different countries. These findings help formulate appropriate travel and social strategies to improve residents' well-being in response to similar public health emergencies such as COVID-19.